What is a Kernel?
A kernel is a component of the operating system. It acts as a bridge between the software and hardware of a system. It is responsible for resource management and facilitating communication between software and hardware.
Functions of a Kernel
Memory Management
The kernel allocates and deallocates memory spaces as needed by different programs. It also ensures that different processes do not interfere with each other’s memory.
Process Management
The kernel manages the execution of processes, including their creation, scheduling, and termination. It ensures that each process gets a fair share of the CPU’s time.
Device Management
The kernel manages device communication through device drivers. It provides a standardized way for software to interact with hardware devices like printers, hard drives, and network interfaces.
File System Management
The kernel controls how data is stored, retrieved, and organized on storage devices. It ensures efficient data access and maintains file system integrity.
Access Control
The kernel enforces security policies, ensuring that applications and users have appropriate permissions to access resources.